MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

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  MINISTRY OF DEFENCE. Establishment Of National University In Islamabad Total position. 29 Domicile , All over Pakistan    Qualification  intermediate to bachelor positions . Project Engineer(Civil) account Officer  supervisor assistant office boy     How to apply.   Apply online through the link https://www.fgei-cg.gov.pk/nup-rec.php   Last date to apply  02 April 2023. No TA/DA Fo Interview 
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EXPERIMENT NO 2

EXPERIMENT NO 2

OBJECT 
Qualitative analysis of carbohydrates from unknown solution .

1 ) MOLISH TEST  ( for carbohydrates) 

PROCEDURE
Take 3 ml of a unknown solution in a test tube add 1-2 drops of molish reagent mix. Incline the test tube and run  3 ml of concentrated sulphuric acid along the wall of the test tube  make the test tube upright and rotate it between two palms.

OBSERVATION 
Appearence of reddish violet ring  at the junction of the two liquids 
 
RESULTS 
Indicates the presence of carbohyrates . 

2) IODINE TES ( for polysaccharides )

PROCEDURE 
Take 3 ml of unknown solution in a tedt tube add 1 drop of iodine solution mix heat and then cool Starch gives blue colour  dextrins give reddish purple colour and glycogen gives reddish brown colour .

OBSERVATION 
 No blue ,reddish purple or reddish brown colour are not appear 

 RESULT 
Polysaccharides is absent means mono or disacchsrides are present .

3) BENEDICT'S TEST ( for reducing mono or disaccharides 

PROCEDURE
Take 5 ml of benedict's reagent in a test tube .add  8 drops of the unknown solution mixand boil for 2 minutes 

OBSERVATION 
Apperance of green , yellow, or red precipitate .

RESULT 
Indicates the carbohydrate for reducing one .


Click the link  for understant the benedict's test


https://youtu.be/bVvy2UTfcl4

4)  BARFOED'S TEST  ( FOR MONOSACCHARIDES)

PROCEDURE 
Take 3 ml of a Barfoed's reagent in a test tube and 1 ml of a unknown solution in a test tube  boil for 30 seconds allow to cool .

OBSERVATION 
A red precipitate at the bottom of the test tube 

RESULT 
Indicates the  monosaccharides are present .


https://youtu.be/yQfMqvOxPrc


5) SELIWANOFF'S TEST  ( FOR KETOHEXOSES)

PROCEDURE 
Take 3 ml of a seliwanoff's reagent in a test tube and 1 ml of a unknown solution in a test tube boil for  30 seconds .

OBERVATION 
Appearence of red or pink colour .

RESULT  
In the given sample of unknown solution we obtain the fructose keto sugar .

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