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Connective Tissue and Classification of Connective Tissue
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Connective tissue
Connnective tissue:
Consisting of ground substance and fibres,in which various connective tissue cells are inserted.
Function
Connective tissue supports organs and cells,helps in exchange of nutrients and wastes between the blood and tissue,protects against microorganism, repair damaged tissue and stores fat.
Extracellular matrix
The extracellular Matrix helps in the transfer of nutrients and waste material between cells of connective tissue and the bloodstream.
Ground substance
Ground substance is a colourless, gel-like substance in which the cells and fibres of connective tissue are inserted.
it is a complex mixture of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans and glycoproteins.
Ground substance assist as a lubricant,helps to avoid invasion of tissue by foreign agents, and withstand un the effect of forces ocompression.
Fibres
collagen,reticular and Elastic are long, slender protein Polymers present in different parts in different types of connective tissue.
A) collagen fibres
There are about at least 25 different types of collagen,but very common collagen types in connective tissue proper are types 1 and 3 collagen.
Collagen fibres have great durability which provide both flexibility and strength to tissue.
Collagen fibers are predent in Bone,skin cartilage tendon and many other structure of the body.
B) Reticular fibres
They are very thin and primarly composed of type iii collagen.
They have higher carbohydrate content than other collagen fibres. C) Elastic Fibres
1.Elastic fibres are coiled branching fibres that is occasionally form loose networks.
2.The fibers may be stretched upto 150% of their normal length.
3.Elastic fibres are need special staining to be observed by light microscopy.
classification of connective tissue
1. Embryonic connective tissue
A) mucous tissue (wharton Jelly)
It is a loose connective tissue which is the main part of the umbilical cord.
It is made up of a jelly like Matrix with some collagen fibres in which large fibroblast are inserted. B) Mesenchymal tissue
It is found only in embryos.
It consists of a jelly like shapeless Matrix containing only a few dispersed reticular fibres.
2. Connective tissue A) loose connective tissue (areolar tissue)
They have fibres but more cells than dense connective tissue
This tissue is well vascularized flexible and not very resistant to stress.
It is more abundant than dense connective tissue and it is the connective tissue that fills in the spaces just deep to the skin
B) Dense connective tissue
Contains more fibres but fewer cells than loose connective tissue.
It is classified by the orientation of its fibres bundles into two types
B1) Dense irregular connective tissue (most common)
It contains fibres bundles that have no definite orientation.
This tissue is characteristics of the dermis and capsules of many organs.
B2) Dense regular connective tissue
It contains fibre bundles and weaken fibroblasts that are arranged in a uniform parallel fashion.
it is present only and tendons and ligaments. this tissue may be elasticor collagenous.
3 Elastic tissue
It is present in the lungs,elastic cartilage and Elastic ligament and in large conducting blood vessels where it forms porous sheaths.
4) Reticular tissue
1) It consists mostly of a network of branched reticular fibres Type III collagen.
2) This tissue supports liver sinusoids smooth muscle cells and fat cells and forms the stroma of lymphatic organs bone marrow and endocrine glands.
3) It also form The Reticular lamina of basement membrane
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