Structure Of Enzyme

Structure Of Enzyme

Structure Of Enzyme:



Enzymes are complex organic compounds partly or completely composed of proteins. According to their composition the enzymes are of two types.

Simple protein enzymes:

These are purely proteineous enzymes, no other group is attached with these enzymes. Conjugated Enzymes:

These enzymes contain a non-protein group. These enzymes are also called holoenzymes.

These enzymes are explained by Euter in 1932.

The hollow enzymes are of two parts.

1. Apoenzymes;

This is the protein part of enzyme.

2. Prosthetic group:

This is the non protein part of enzyme.



Based on prosthetic group the holoenzyme are of two types.

a) with inorganic ions:

When the prosthetic group is an inorganic ion, it is called co factor, such as magnesium, calcium k, Mn, etc.

e.g Phosphatase,Carboxylase, Peptidase, Amidase etc.



b) With Organic Compound:

When the prosthetic group is an organic compound, the organic compound is called co-enzyme. It has only 1% part of the whole enzyme.

e.g

NAD(Nicotine amide adenine dinucleate)

NADP (Nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)



The enzymes which act within the cells are called intracellular enzymes or endo-enzymes.

Some enzymes diffuse out of the cell and act on some outside medium, these are known as extra-cellular enzymes or exoenzymes.